Closed-Loop Water & Glycol Cooling

A cooling tower evaporates water and breathes plant air. A closed circuit does neither.

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Closed-Loop Water & Glycol Cooling

A closed cooling loop keeps one charge of treated water or glycol circulating between the heat source and the cooler, sealed from the atmosphere.

That matters wherever the cooled equipment is sensitive to scale, fouling or corrosion - induction heating coils, welders, laser sources, injection mould tooling, engine test cells. A tower loop picks up dust, oxygen and biological growth and loses water to evaporation; a closed loop does not, and with glycol it can run outdoors through the winter.

Diagram of a closed glycol loop between process equipment and an IPAC WAC closed-circuit cooler
Induction Heating Induction Heating
Welders & Lasers Welders & Lasers
Mould Cooling Mould Cooling
Test Cells Test Cells

Sizing a WAC

Four figures and the site.

Checklist

  • Heat load in BTU/hr
  • Loop flow and required supply temperature
  • Design ambient - the hottest day the loop must survive
  • Glycol type and percentage, and the run to the equipment

IPAC Ranges

RANGE TYPE COVERS RATING PART NUMBERS
Packaged Coolers Closed-Circuit Water Cooler Nine packaged models from 62,000 to 476,000 BTU/hr Call for rating 9
Shell & Tube Oil Coolers Shell & Tube Oil Cooler Seventeen sizes from a 3 inch shell 14 inches long to an 8 inch shell 72 inches long Call for rating 17

More About Closed-Loop Water & Glycol Cooling

The WAC as a Package

The WAC Series rejects the loop's heat to ambient air through a copper-tube, aluminum-fin radiator, and delivers the whole system as a package: pump sized to the coil and the run, a starter, an expansion tank and a three-way valve that bypasses the coil to hold the supply temperature steady as the ambient changes. Nine sizes cover 62,000 to 476,000 BTU/hr at a 90°F ambient with water from 140°F to 115°F; larger builds to 3,000,000 BTU/hr are made to order.

How Cold a Closed Loop Can Run

Because the closed loop is only as cold as the ambient air plus the approach, the WAC is usually chosen where the process is happy with 100 to 120°F water. Where colder water is needed on the hottest days, a WAC can pre-cool ahead of a small chiller and carry the full load for the rest of the year.


Related


IPAC WAC Series packaged closed-circuit water cooler with fan, pump and expansion tank on one frame
IPAC STA Series shell and tube oil cooler, HiROSS-era unit with cast iron bonnets and steel shell

Common FAQs

To ambient air temperature plus the approach, so with a 90°F design ambient the standard ratings deliver 115°F water. Where the process needs colder water on the hottest days, a WAC pre-cools ahead of a small chiller and carries the whole load the rest of the year.

Only where the unit or the piping is exposed to freezing. Glycol costs capacity - allow for it in the sizing - so use the lowest percentage that protects the site.

The finned copper-aluminum coil, the fans, the circulating pump and starter, an expansion tank and a three-way control valve that bypasses the coil to hold the supply temperature steady as the ambient changes.

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